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- <text id=91TT1750>
- <title>
- Aug. 05, 1991: The Glory and the Glitz
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Aug. 05, 1991 Was It Worth It?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- HISTORY, Page 56
- The Glory and the Glitz
- </hdr><body>
- <p>The new National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis is a classic
- jumble of laudable intentions and bad taste
- </p>
- <p>By Walter Shapiro/Memphis
- </p>
- <p> As soon as a tourist steps onto the replica of a
- Montgomery bus, a prerecorded voice will emanate from the
- vicinity of the mannequin behind the wheel. "All right, you
- folks, I want those two seats," the facsimile driver will say.
- "Y'all better make it light on yourselves and let me have those
- two seats." In the middle of the bus, a plaster of Paris
- simulacrum of Rosa Parks will just sit there, a mute symbol of
- the incident that sparked the epic Montgomery bus boycott.
- "Look, woman, I told you I wanted the seat!" the mock voice of
- the bus driver will continue. "Are you going to stand up?" The
- plaster statue of Parks will remain motionless.
- </p>
- <p> This historical exhibit is typical of the aggressive
- multimedia style that will characterize the National Civil
- Rights Museum when it opens its doors in Memphis at the end of
- August. Here the sit-in movement will be commemorated by four
- mannequins seated at a Southern lunch counter as the wall behind
- them broadcasts footage of the taunts and attacks of an actual
- white segregationist mob. Will these exhibits be inspiring,
- living history or a parody of the Disney style? What is one to
- make of a museum whose board chairman, Tennessee Circuit Judge
- D'Army Bailey, says seriously that "I wanted not only sirens and
- barking dogs, but I even envisioned a whiff of tear gas"?
- </p>
- <p> The sights and sounds of the civil rights era will surely
- all be there, but Bailey's olfactory mementos have fortunately
- proved impractical. Still, this state- and locally funded museum
- will push the barriers of good taste in its quest to create a
- sense of historical immediacy and emotional context for a jaded
- theme-park generation. "We estimate that 60% of those coming to
- the Civil Rights Museum will not have been old enough to
- remember the 1960s," explains exhibit designer Gerard
- Eisterhold. "We are trying in the exhibits to give them a You
- Are There feeling."
- </p>
- <p> The there is part of the taste problem: the museum has
- been constructed within the rebuilt shell of Memphis' Lorraine
- Motel, site of the 1968 assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
- At first King's family dissociated themselves from the museum
- because of this macabre legacy, though Coretta Scott King
- relented and appeared at the dedication ceremonies in early
- July, receiving a $15,000 honorarium. Yet there remains
- something troubling about turning the Lorraine into a tourist
- attraction.
- </p>
- <p> Visitors to the museum will be invited to peer through
- glass walls at two meticulously preserved bedrooms from the old
- Lorraine--Room 307, where King often stayed, and Room 306,
- where he conferred with his lieutenants moments before he was
- shot on the adjoining balcony. "There was some discussion of
- populating Room 306 with figures," Eisterhold recalls but
- acknowledges that this seemed close to blasphemy. Nevertheless,
- he defends the decision to re-create King's last supper
- (catfish) with a room-service tray and dirty dishes, as well as
- to leave a copy of the April 4, 1968, Memphis Press-Scimitar
- open on the bed. "It seemed," Eisterhold argues, "that we had
- to indicate some evidence of habitation."
- </p>
- <p> The genesis of the Civil Rights Museum is entwined with
- the Lorraine Motel in a classic American jumble of laudable
- intentions, questionable aesthetic judgment, outside experts and
- civic boosterism. In 1982 a small group of Memphis black leaders
- bought the threadbare Lorraine just minutes before a bankruptcy
- auction and possible demolition. Their original notion was to
- create some sort of King memorial, but an attorney for the King
- Center in Atlanta asked that they not use the King name. Instead
- the group obtained government funding for a civil rights museum.
- </p>
- <p> All they lacked was a plan. That came in 1986, courtesy of
- Benjamin Lawless, the retired exhibition director of the
- Smithsonian's National Museum of American History in Washington,
- who had originally gone to Memphis as a consultant to the not
- exactly understated monument to Elvis Presley at Graceland.
- </p>
- <p> Lawless, an unabashed showman, likens the opening of the
- Civil Rights Museum to "putting on a film or theater." His most
- provocative artistic concept was to construct a laser beam that
- would follow the flight path of assassin James Earl Ray's bullet
- from his vantage point in a window across the street to the
- balcony of the Lorraine, from which it would be reflected
- heavenward. This notion prevailed even after the museum was
- unable to get permission to use the window where Ray stood. Now
- the laser beam will start roughly at the point where the bullet
- entered the motel grounds. "I got all the historians working on
- the exhibits betting that the laser is the worst idea in the
- world," Lawless concedes. "But if that's the case, we can turn
- it off and just use it in the sound-and-light show."
- </p>
- <p> Sound-and-light show indeed. What could be more
- historically apt for a moral crusade that uplifted the nation
- than a bit of son et lumiere? Those who are offended by the
- well-intentioned effort may take some comfort: it could have
- been worse. No one in Memphis has suggested building bumper cars
- to commemorate the Freedom Riders. At least, not yet.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
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